Architecture
Why identity systems need clear separation of roles
Foundational identity, credential issuance, wallet operation and verification have different authorities and trust boundaries.
Insights
Working notes on identity infrastructure.
Newly authored perspectives on the architecture, trust boundaries and operational choices behind digital identity systems.
Each article is dated at publication. No historical publication archive is implied.
Interoperability
Standards alone do not create interoperability
Interoperable identity requires agreed profiles, trust governance, test cases and operational responsibilities alongside protocols.